Type-writing machine



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- G. S. BOOTH.

I TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 469,675. Patented Mar 1, 1892;

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No. 469,675. PatentedMair. 1, 1892.

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G. S. BOOTH,

v TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 469,635. Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

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G. S. BOOTH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No.- 469,675. Patented Mar. 1', 1892.

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O. S. BOOTH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

' No, 469,675. Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

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I 0 s. BOOTH.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE- No. 469,675 Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

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I UN TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHRIS s. BOOTH, or CAMP POINT, ILLINOIS.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,675, dated March 1, 1892.

Application filed December lfi, 1890. Serial No. 374,840. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRIS S. BoTH,-a citizen of the United States, residing at Camp Point, in the county of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use f ul Improvements in Type-Writing Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which my invention pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates particularly to that class of machines in which the printing is done at a fixed point, and the paper to be written upon is carried over this point by a carriage which traverses back andforth on suitable ways or guide-rails on the machine such, for instance, as the well-known Remvention in the best form now known to me; but certain changes obvious to a skilled niechanic might be made and some of the details used without others and the mechanism adapted to the peculiarities of other machines than that shown in the drawings without departing from the spirit of my invention, asset forth in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 is a plan view of so much of aCaligraph writing-machine as is necessary to show the application of 1nyinvention tl1eret0. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation, and Fig. 3 a side elevation, of the same. Fig. 4 is a plan view, partly in horizontal section, showing, on an enlarged scale, the details of the carriage-retracting mechanism. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the vertical transverse section of the same on the line 7 7 of Fig. 5. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are plan view and side elevations, respectively, of the parts composing the frame or cage which surrounds the retractingspring. Figs. 11 and 12 are similar views of the main power-arm. Figs. 13, 14, and 15 show details of some of the locking triggers and latches that are employed in the mechanism.

As before stated, my invention is particularly applicable to writing machines of a class such as the Remington or Caligraph, in which at present the paper-carrying carriage is automatically drawn across the machine over the printing-point step by step as the constant until exhausted-it being only req-. uisite that the power shall be sufficient to ac' complish as many returns of the carriage as maybepracticableanddesirable. Idonotconnect this main power directly to the carriage, but interpose between them a spring mechanism in which enough of the power is stored at any one time to retract the carriage once,

and I so connect the spring mechanism to the main power by a system of latches and triggers that the main power will wind up the spring mechanism, then be disconnected therefrom, and held in check until the spring mechanism shall have completed its operation,

when it trips the main power into action and I propose to accomplish thisis again wound up byit preparatory to a subsequent operation.

The frame A, which carries my return 'f go mechanism, may be made integral with or at- I tached in suitable manner to the main frame A of a type-writer. The paper-carriage B travels back and forth over theprintingpoint I), being advanced or pulled outwardly by a spring-actuated rocking arm B, to which it is connected by a link I) from the block or stud B projecting from the carriage-frame. There is also attached to this stud B a ribbon B of thin steel or any other suitable material that will be flexible and not stretch or change in length, and this is connected at its other end to a winding-drum O, loosely mounted on the shaft D of thei'eturn mechanism. The circumference of thisdrum is aboutequal to the length of traverse of the carriage, so that the drum makes about one complete revolution in paying out the ribbon as the carriage recedes and it (the drum) is loose and free to turn in either direction as it may be moved by the receding carriage or by the rewinding mechanism, which draws the carriage back through the medium of the ribbon. This mechanism consists of a coiled spring E, secured at its inner end to the shaft D and at its outer end to a cage or frame-F, mounted on the shaft and composed of a yoked piece, which embraces the spring and side piece or cross-bar F, united to the yoke by means of screws. '(See Figs. 8, 9, and 10.) A pawl f is fixed upon a shaft f, which is mounted in hearings in two lugs or cars projecting from/the yoke-piece F of the cage, and the pawl is urged by a spring f 2 into engagement with the teeth of a rack 0, formed on the inner face of the drum. A toe or wiper f is also fixed to the shaft f, and when the parts are in their normal position of rest, as shown in Fig. 5, this wiper is engaged by an adjustable stop G, located on the frame A, and is thrown out of engagement with the rack, leaving the drum free to turn as the paper-carriage recedes.

Instead of the pawl-and-rack connection between the spring-cage and the drum,I might use a pair of lugs g g, projecting from the cage and drum, respectively; but I prefer the first-described arrangement, as it enables me to connect the cage and drum at any point in their revolution, and thus avoid shocks and jars that would occur when the cage would be released to return the carriage from a partial line. The tendency of the coil-spring is always to move the cage in the direction of the arrow 1, Fig. 5, and thus to turn the drum 0 so as to wind the ribbon upon it and retract the carriage, the power of the spring E being suificient to overcome the spring which rocks the arm B to advance the carriage. The shaft D, to which the inner end of the spring is connected, is mounted in bearings in the frame A and is held against rotation by a cross-pin D, which may pass through either set of holes (1 d in the frame and shaft, as desired, to adjust the tension of the spring, which may be done with a wrench operating upon the projecting squared end of theshaft. The cage is restrained from turning under stress of the spring by means of a spring-latch H, which is gaged from the cage, which, being freed, will revolve, and through the drum and ribbon retract the carriage.

From the foregoing 1t will beunderstood how the spring and its cage-frame will return which rocks in a bearing a on th the carriage to its starting position, and I will now describe how the spring is rewound by the main power and the cage restored to its normal position of rest. The main or stored power isderived from a weight attached to the depending end of a cord I, wound upon the drum I, which is pinnedfast upon a shaft '5. (See Fig. 4:.) One flange of this drum consists of a ratchet-wheel t and lies close against a gear-wheel J, which carriesa spring-pawlj, that takes into the ratchet, thus permitting of the rewinding of the cord upon the drum without turning the gear-wheel J and the train driven by it backward. This rewinding may be done at any time by means of the crank I on the projecting end of the drumshaft. -The wheel J gears into a pinion K, mounted on a counter-shaft K and rigidly connected to a gear-wheel k, which gears into a pinion L on the shaft D. Attached to this pinion is an arm L, having a lug l at its outer extremity, which projects sidewise toward the spring cage and is constantly urged to revolve in the direction of the arrow 2, Fig. 5, by the main power or weight acting through the train of gears. The arm L is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5 in its normal position, being held in check by a trigger M, pivoted at m on the flange a of the frame.

At its other end this trigger rests against a stop-pin m and is engaged by a latch N,

which locks it against the pressureof the arm L. Thislatch is L-shaped like a bellcrank and is rigidly secured to a shaft N, ange a of the frame. The upper arm of t e latch is hooked at n to lock over the trigger, above which it is curved to a proper radius and extends far enough to confront the end of the trigger at such times as it (the trigger) may be rocked on its pivot. (See Fig. 6.) The lower end or fork n of the latch projects forward and into the field of the power-arm .L, but has its extremity bent and offset to one side to avoid the path of the lug Z on the arm, and it has a toe or projection n at its end, as shown, to increase its width. A spring m presses the latch into engagement with the trigger and the latter against its stop-pin m. The spring-cage F is provided with a trigger O, pivoted at 0, a forked latch P, pivoted at 19', a stop-pin o, and spring 0 which resemble in every particular of form and action those just described,the corresponding parts lying ,in the same vertical,

planes, so that the triggers M and 0 both lie in the path of the lug Z on the power-arm,

tion of rest. The power-arm L is held in check by the trigger M, locked by the latch N. The spring-cage is held in check by the latch H.

The latch P is in contact with the latch N, and

3O bling it to reach the limit shown by the dotthereby rocked so as to trip the trigger free. The pawl f is held bythe stop G out of engagement with the rack in the winding-drum C, so that the latter is left free to revolve in the direction 3 as the ribbon is drawn off by the carriage receding in the direction of the arrow4= during the operation of printing a line. If the lugs g g are used instead of the pawl f, thelug g will pass around the circle from a point above the lug g to a point below it, as shown in Fig. 6. When a complete line has been printed, the operator depresses the key-lever H and trips the latch H, freeing the cage and allowing it 'to move under the power of the spring E. The trigger 0, being already released from the latch P, will rock on its pivot and slip past the lug Z of the power-arm, when it will immediately be pressed by the spring 0 against its stop-pin o and be engaged by the hook p of the latch P, which, having moved away from the latch N, is left free. Immediately the cage begins its movement the pawl fmoves away from the stop G and falls into the rack, so that it compels the winding-drum to turn with the cage and retract the carriage. At or near the completion of this movement the several parts will assume the positions shown in Fig. 6, in which the carriage-stud B has nearly reached the limit of its movement, (its momentum enated lines in Fig. 5, from which it settles back to the position shown by full lines.) The latch P now strikes against the latch N, rocking it and tripping the trigger M, which releases the power-arm -L, the lug Z of which immediately impinges against the trigger O, and, as this trigger is locked by the latch P, causes the cage to revolve back to its original position, as in Fig. 5, where the latch P is in its turn tripped by contacting withthe latch N, and the trigger O is released. Of course the pawl f trails over the teeth of the ratchet on this retrograde movement of the cage until it is thrown out by the stop G.

;As far as hereinbefore described the mechanism-is adapted to returning the carriage after it has completed a full line, and for this purpose only the lugs g g would answer every purpose as well as the pawl f; but in' order that the carriage may be returned from any point in its outward movementI prefer'to use the pawl, in order to connect the cage to the winding-drum at the beginning of its movement to avoid. the shock which-would result if the lugs alone were used and the cage released before the carriagehadcompleted its traverse for a full line; but forthis objectionable shock the mechanism thus far described, together with the lugsg g and without the pawl f, would be complete and satisfactory for returning the carriage from either a full or apartial line, as t,

with the lugs the cage would make a complete revolution each timc'irrespective of how far it might retract the carriage, and it would therefore bring the latch P into tripping-contact with the latch N, and thus release the power-arm L. When the pawl f is used, however, the cage only makes such portion of a revolution as may be necessary to retract the carriage, and therefore when the carriage has not traversed a full line the cage makes only a partial revolution in retracting it and cannot carry the latch P into contact with the latch N to release the power-arm L. I have therefore provided other means for releasing the power-lever at each return of the carriage. I i On the end of the shaft Nof the latch N is fastened an arm N against which a projection g from a lever Q bears. This lever is pivoted between suitable lugs g on the frame A and has a spring-extension g which, passing through a slot in a fixed stirrup Q on the frame, holds the lever in a normal upright.

position, while permitting it to yield and rock on its pivot. The upper end of this lever stands in the path of a hook r on the end of an arm-R, mounted on a shaft 0", which is pivoted in bearings r on the stud B of the carriage. There is'also attached to this shaft an arm or lever S, to the lower end .9 of which the ribbon B is attached, while its upper end is connected by a light spiral spring 3 to a pin 5 on the stud B and is provided with a set-screw s to adjust or regulate the throw of the arm. Normally the parts stand in the position shown in Fig. 5. The drum being .free and the ribbon not strained, the small spring 8 holds the hooked point of the arm R up above the reach of the lever Q; but whenever the carriage is being retracted the strain on the ribbon will overcome the tension of the spring 3' and draw the end of the arm S against the stud and depress the hooked point of the arm B, so that it will engage the lever Q near the end of the return movement of the carriage and forcing it against the arm N 2 will trip the latch N and release the powerarm, permitting it to rewind the coil-spring E. By the means just described the'powerarm is certain to be tripped into action to rewind the spring at the end of each return movement of the carriage, either by the carriage itself or by the latch P on the cage, as heretofore described.

-It is contemplated that some suitable mechanism shall be employed to turn up the roller for a new line at the end of each return move ment; but I have not shown any means for riage, with spring-actuated mechanism normally held in ch eck, but which when released engages the drum and revolves it to retract the carriage, with means for automatically rewinding the spring after each operation, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the carriage, a power mechanism having sufficient force to retract the carriage many times, with a spring mechanism intermediate the main power mechanism and the carriage, said spring mechanism being charged after each operation with sufficient' force from the main power to perform the next operation of retracting the carriage, &c., substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the carriage, the main power mechanism, with means for restraining it, the spring mechanism intermediate the main power and the carriage, with trigger and latch mechanism whereby the spring mechanism will trip the main power mechanism into action to rewind the spring, substantially as set forth.

4.. The combination of the carriage, the main power mechanism, with means for restraining it, the spring mechanism intermediate the main power mechanism and the carriage, with trigger and latch mechanism whereby the spring mechanism when it has retracted the carriage will trip the main power into action to rewind the spring and then be itself disconnected from the main power mechanism, substantially asset forth.

5. The combination of the carriage, the main power mechanism, with means for restraining it, the spring mechanism intermediate the main power and the carriage, with trigger and latch mechanism whereby a pro jection on the carriage will trip the main power into action to rewind the spring, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the carriage, the loose drum and its connection to the carriage, the ratchet on the drum, the springcage and the pawl mounted thereon,with the stop G on the frame, substantially as and for p the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the carriage, the drum and its connection to the carriage, the spring-cage. with means for connecting it to the drum, and the latch H, connected to a lever having a finger-piece at or near the key-board of the writing-machine, with means for automatically rewinding the spring after each operation, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. The combination of the carriage, the loose drum and its connection to the carriage, the ratchet on the drum, the springcage and its pawl to engage the ratchet, the stop G, and the latch H to restrain the cage, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of the carriage, the loose drum, the cage and means for connecting it to the drum, the coil-spring attachedat one end to the cage and at the otherto the shaft, with means for turning and locking the I driven in the opposite direction, with means for connecting the arm to the cage when the spring is to be rewound, substantially 'as set forth.

11. The combination of the cage, the spring to urge it in one direction,the power-arm driven in the opposite direction, the trigger O on the cage standing in the path of the arm and the latch P to lock the trigger, with a fixed stop N on the frame to trip the latch andfree the triggeigsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. The combination of the cage,'the spring to urge it in one direction, the power-arm driven in the opposite direction, with means for connecting the arm to the cage to rewind the spring, and means for holding the powerarm in check when it is freed from its connection to the cage, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of the cage, the spring to urge it in one direction, the power-arm driven in the opposite direction, the trigger M and latch N on the frame to restrain the power-arm, with a stop Pon the cage to strike against the latch N and release the powerarm, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14.. The combination of the cage and the spring to urge it in one direction, with the restraining-latch H, the power-arm driven in the opposite direction, the trigger M and latch N, pivoted on the frame and restrain: ing the power, and the trigger O and latch P, pivoted on the cage and connecting it to the power-arm, the latches N and P being arranged to trip each other, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination of the power-arm L, the trigger M, stop m, latch N, and spring m all arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

the path of a projection on the carriage, sub-' stantially as and for purpose set forth.

18. The combination of the carriage and the spring mechanism for retracting it, the power-arm and its restraining-trigger M and latch N, the lever Q to trip the latch, the

.spring g and a projection on the carriage to rock the lever, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

19. The combination of the carriage and the spring mechanism for retracting it, the

power-arm L and its restraining-trigger M and latch N, the lever Q, and the latch or arm R on the carriage arranged to intercept and rock the lever Q as the carriage is retracted, but to stand in a different plane and pass by the lever when the carriage is advanced, substantially-as set forth.

20. The combination of the carriage, the drum and its flexible connection to the carriage, the spring mechanism to retract the carriage, the power-arm L and its trigger M and. latch N, and the lever Q, with the spring-latch R on the carriage normally held out of the plane of the lever Q, but drawn into said plane by the connection to the drum, substantially as set forth.

CHRIS S. BOOTH.

In presence of THOMAS BAILEY, P. W. B. SAWYER. 

